英语介词的用法大全(8种英语介词用法)
英词中词的种类很多,今天给大家介绍一种非常常见的词类:介词。
定义:
介词由一个或一组单词组成,表明名词或代词与句子中另-一个单词之间的关系。介词为句子添加额外的信息,例如方向、地点、时间、运动、方式等用用途。介词通常是一个短语,通常放置在名词前面。
1、时间介词
时间介词通常表示某事何时发生、已经发生或是将要发生。比如at,on,in,before,duringt after.举例:
●David was born on August 8, 2001.大卫出生于2001年8月8日。
●David was born at 4am in the morning.大卫在凌晨四点出生。
●David was born during the holidays of 2001.大卫出生在2001年的假期。
●David was born in 2001.大卫出生于2001年。
●David was born before our trip to England.大卫在我们去英国之前出生。
注意:下面一些规则可以帮助您更正确地使用时间介词。
规则1
当提及年、月、节、世纪和一天中的时间时使用in。举例:
It is always cold in January.1月份总是很冷。
规则2
当您提及日期和特定假期时使用on。举例:
We go to the zoo on Sunday.我们周日去动物园。
规则3
当您提及额外的时间和节日时使用at。举例:
I work best at night.我在晚上工作效率最好。
2.地点介词
地点介词通常表示位置,并且很容易辨别。三个最常见的地点介词是on、at或in。有趣的是这三个介词也可用来表示时间。举例:
●The cup is on the kitchen table.杯子在厨房的桌子上。
●The cups are in the kitchen cupboard.杯子在厨房的橱柜里。
●We like the cups at the supermarket.我们喜欢超市里的杯子。
注意:下面一些规则可以帮助您更正确地使用地点介词。
规则1
当你指代有表面的东西时,使用on。举例:
The clock hangs on the wall.钟挂在墙上。
The books are on the desk in the study.书放在书房的桌子上。
The writing on the wall had to be removed.墙上的文字必须被清除。
规则2
当你指代内部或受限的东西时,使用in。举例:
The manual is in the cupboard draw in the shed.手册位于棚屋的橱柜抽屉里。
The bolts are in the jar in the shed.螺栓在棚子里的罐子里。
David left the book in the car.大卫把书留在车里了。
规则3
当你指代特定地点时,使用at.举例:
Rebekah is at work at the moment.丽贝卡此时正在工作。
Tom will meet David at 8.00pm at the restaurant.汤姆将于晚上8点在餐厅与大卫见面。
I will meet Candace at midnight on New Years Eve.我将在新年前夜的午夜见到坎迪斯。
当然,还有一些地点介词也常见,如under, over, near, behind, outside, inside和between。
举例:
The ball rolled under the cupboard. 球滚到了柜子下面。
The boy jumped over the fence.男孩跳过了栅栏。
The dog was near the swimming pool.那只狗在游泳池附近。
The broom was behind the door.扫帚在门后面。
The puppy was outside the house.那只小狗在屋外。
The cat was inside the house.那只猫在屋子里。
The thief hid between the sheds.小偷躲在棚屋之间。
3.运动介词
运动介词表示某物或某人正在走向的方向或目的地。换句话说,它们表示从一个地方到另一个地方的运动,并且它们通常与运动动词一起使用。例如:He went to the hotel.他去了旅馆。
最常见的表示运动的介词是to。举例:
Jenny went to Spain while on holidays.珍妮度假时去了西班牙。
Rebekah and Rachel went to school by bus.丽贝卡和瑞秋乘公共汽车去学校。
Dad went to the park to play ball with the children.爸爸去公园和孩子们打球。
其他的运动介词为运动添加了特定的方式,例如,across, through, into, over, down, up, past 和around.
规则1
当用于从一侧运动到另一侧时,使用介词across。举例:
The ball rolled across the field very quickly.球很快地滚过了场地。
The dog ran across the oval without its owner while the game was in a
ction.比赛进行时,狗在没有主人的情况下跑过椭圆形场地。
The explorers tracked across the desert early in the morning to avoid the heat.为了躲避酷暑,探险家们一大早就穿过沙漠。
规则2
当用于从内到外或从外到内的移动时,使用介词through。举例:
The angry man put his fst through the wall.愤怒的男人用拳头刺穿了墙壁。
The car past through the tunnel on its way to the airport.汽车穿过隧道前往机场。
During the storm, the large hail went through the roof and destroyed the home.暴风雨期间,大冰雹穿过屋顶,摧毁了房屋。
规则3
当用于进入或向内看的运动时,使用介词into。举例:
Jonathan went into the shed to get his carpenter's tools.乔纳森走进棚屋去镎木匠的工具。
The crowd looked into the night sky to spot the shooting star.众人仰望夜空,寻找流星。,
The car drove into the fence when the driver lost control.当司机失去控制时,汽车撞上了围栏。
规则4
当指代特定的运动方向时,可使用介词over、down、up、past和around。举例:
The car traveled over the road during the rain storm.暴雨中,汽车在路面上行驶。
The escapees ran down the road to avoid capture.逃亡者沿路奔跑以避免被捕。
The man climbed up the mountain during the holidays.该男子在节日期间爬上了山。
4.方式介词
方式介词描述事物发生的方式或事物发生的方式。比如by、in、 like、 with和on。举例:
The children go to school by bus.孩子们乘公共汽车去学校。
Candace went to the shopping mall in a taxi.坎迪斯乘出租车去了购物中心。
The young girl sang like a professional.这个年轻女孩的歌声就像专业人士一样。
5.代理介词
代理介词表示某物或某人对某物或某人进行的动作。比如by和with。举例:
The movie script was written by Candace and David.电影剧本由坎迪斯和大卫撰写。
Candace is writing the movie script with her pen.坎迪斯正在用她的钢笔写电影剧本。
The house was constructed by Jonathan.这所房子是乔纳森建造的。
6.度量介词
度量介词表示某物与某人或某物的数量。比如by和of。举例:
The fabric shop sells the material by the meter.布料店按米出售布料。
Candace brought a kilogram of tomatoes for the salad.坎迪斯带了一公斤西红柿来做沙拉。
One-third of the world was destroyed by the meteor.世界的三分之一被流星摧毁了。
7.来源介词
来源介词表示某物或某人源自某物或某人。比如from和by。举例:
Rachel receives money from her father in order to live comfortably.雷切尔从她父亲那里得到钱来过上舒适的生活。
This note was written by my wife.这张纸条是我妻子写的。
He gave donations to charity from a grateful heart.他怀着一颗感恩的心,向慈善事业捐款。
8.所有格介词
所有格介词表示某物或某人为某物或某人所拥有。比如of、 with和to。举例:
This is the hat of my husband.这是我丈夫的帽子。
He is the friend of my classmate.他是我同学的朋友。
| saw a girl with a pink dress.我看到一个穿着粉红色裙子的女孩。
介词在英语中体现了名词或代词与句子中其它成分的关系,非常重要,希望我的介绍能够给你带来帮助,如有不到之处,还请大家指正。